Real meat, cultured meat, and vegan burgers: what should we do with them?
Linsay Ketelings is the second winner of the Dissertation Prize from the Faculty of Science and Engineering. She received the award for her research into the health, safety, and consumer perception of meat alternatives and cultured meat. Each of these products has its own advocates, some of whom resolutely reject the choices of others.
Linsay’s work has attracted considerable attention. Over the past few years, she has appeared in newspapers, on television, and on the radio. Recently, she was named one of the Food100, one of the 100 most influential Dutch food innovators of the moment. This recognition did not go unnoticed by the Dissertation Prize jury: “Linsay’s work has been recognised for its excellence across different academic domains. Also outside of academia, it’s been widely appreciated. She actively engaged with trade and lay publications, ensuring her findings reached broad audiences. Her interdisciplinary approach showcases her ability to connect fields for practical innovations.”
This interdisciplinary perspective defines her work. “Nutrition and health, food law, and consumer behaviour are the three pillars of my research,” she explains.
Meat alternatives: loved or loathed?
In one of her early studies, Linsay examined the acceptance of meat alternatives. “Our focus groups with consumers sparked interesting discussions. Some regularly use meat substitutes, while others avoid them, either because they only eat minimally processed plant-based foods or because they exclusively consume animal meat. The term ‘Frankenstein food’ does come up.”
Another product sometimes linked to 19th-century Frankenstein is cultured meat. Linsay was among the first to investigate its safety. “At the molecular level, it is identical to real meat,” she says. Initially, however, there were questions about the safety of its production. She brought together scientists, manufacturers, and legal experts to map out potential risks and assess how likely they were to occur. “The identified risks, much like those in traditional meat processing, can be effectively managed.” Linsay conducted her research when cultured meat was still in its infancy. Since then, the first countries have approved it for their markets.
Confusing names?
While most consumers use meat alternatives, some harbour fears, leading to resistance against the naming of these products. Often, the issue revolves around names that, despite creative spelling, are similar to the names of real meat. The European Parliament recently decided to ban terms like “vega-schnitzel,” or “vegetarian mince”. The concern is that consumers might be misled, confusing meat alternatives with actual meat.
Linsay explored consumer knowledge about meat alternatives and found it to be quite good in the Netherlands. The only stumbling block? When packaging includes claims like “high in protein,” people sometimes overestimate the protein content of these products. “But that’s not necessarily a problem,” she notes, “since the average Dutch person already consumes more than enough protein.”
Greater impact
Despite the attention Linsay received, she would have liked to make an even bigger difference. “Many people heard about my research through the media. I hope it made some of them reconsider their meat-heavy diets, bringing us a step closer to a more sustainable food system. However, I fear my findings didn’t reach the places where they could have the most impact, such as the Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Food Security and Nature or other policymakers. When you pour your heart and soul into research for four years, you hope for even greater impact.”
About Linsay Ketelings
Linsay grew up in North Limburg. She studied biomedical sciences in Maastricht, followed by Health Food Innovation Management in Venlo. Beyond her own research, she selflessly applies her expertise in scientific methodology to support others. For example, she contributed to studies on the evacuation of VieCuri Hospital in 2021 and the safety of hospital environments during a major cyberattack.
Even after her PhD, she continues to work for the Faculty of Science and Engineering in Venlo. As of January, she is the new coordinator of the biology support centre for the provinces of North Brabant and Limburg. She focuses on bridging the gap between secondary and higher education, aiming to inspire more students to pursue biology-related studies.
Text: Patrick Marx