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… the Flemish part of Belgium through 7 P. Craig and G. de Búrca, EU Law: Text, Cases, and Materials, p. 3. 8 Council of Europe, Chart of signatures and ratifications, http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/Commun/ChercheSig.asp?NT=165&CM=&DF=&CL=ENG (last visited on 30 August 2015). 9 K. Dittrich et al., ‘The Implementation of “Bologna” in Flanders and the Netherlands’, 39 European Journal of Education 3 (2004), p. 299. http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/Commun/ChercheSig.asp?NT=165&CM=&DF=&CL=ENG 5 … 16 Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice 1 (2009), p. 39-40. 20 Ibid, p. 40. 21 See European Commission, ‘Regulated professions database’, http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/regprof/index.cfm?action=regprofs (last visited on 30 August 2015). http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/regprof/index.cfm?action=regprofs 8 requirements are preferred for certain professions because consumers are in need of particular protection and are most likely dependent … C. Blomqvist (eds.), The Lisbon Recognition Convention at 15: making fair recognition a reality (Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg 2014) p. 23. 314 S. Bergan, 16 Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice 1 (2009), p. 43. 315 Line Online Kennisomgeving Internationalisering, ‘Erkenning in Nederland’, https://www.internationalisering.nl/diensten-en-expertise/notities-rapporten-en- onderzoeksverslagen/notities-rapporten-en-onderzoeksverslagen/erkenning-in-nederland/. 316 EP-Nuffic, …

… as possible, for example, in the event of a failure or outage. There are several techniques for this. Most commonly used is the creation of so-called ‘snapshots’ spread over multiple locations. This technique requires that these ‘snapshots’ are online, depending on the chosen solution or manufacturer. The cyber attacker was able to encrypt these online backups from a few critical systems. This must be prevented in the future. Therefore, in addition to online backups, offline backups must also be provided, so that the scenario of total failure can be prevented. In the meantime, we have made … on a new function within the institution. Nevertheless, there is ongoing investment in cyber security. This is also necessary because cyber threats also change all the time. There is a real race. Storyline Nick Bos, UM Symposium 5-2-2020 1. You are visiting Maastricht University today to hear the story behind the cyber attack on our institution. And that is what we are going to tell you today. But first I would like to explore a somewhat broader perspective with you, because we are convinced that …