PhD defence Marco Scala

Keywords: E-cigarettes, Heated tobacco, Tobacco control, Italy

"The Role of E-cigarettes and Heated Tobacco Products in Tobacco Control and Health in Italy"

This thesis investigated the role of novel tobacco and nicotine products, such as e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products, in tobacco control and public health, with a focus on Italy. It examined how these products are used, who uses them, their potential health effects, and the influence of the tobacco and nicotine industry on the scientific debate.

The research showed that these products are often used alongside conventional cigarettes rather than as a complete replacement. Their widespread use among underage adolescents also raises concerns about nicotine addiction. Studies included in the thesis found associations between the use of these products and short-term adverse health effects, as well as an increased risk COVID-19 outcomes. The thesis also explored public support for stronger tobacco control policies in Italy and found substantial support for several measures. Finally, it showed that scientific publications linked to the tobacco industry are considerably more likely to present favourable conclusions about these products. Overall, the findings highlight the need for independent research and stronger tobacco and nicotine control policies.

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