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… 203 Chapter 18 The role of ‘soft’ monitoring instruments for compliance with international climate goals38 Martina Kühner 38 This chapter is based on previous work by the author published in Philipp Pattberg and Fariborz Zelli (eds.) (forthcoming), Environmental Politics and Governance in the Anthropocene: Institutions and … kind, as no other Multilateral Environmental Agreement (MEA) had been designed in such a way. Chapter 18 The role of ‘soft’ monitoring instruments for compliance with international climate goals 207 Within the CS, Parties have two main obligations: they are required to submit annual GHG inventories, as well as regular national communications to the Secretariat (UNFCCC, 2015a). A key component of the CS is the Compliance Committee (CC). It is composed of two branches: the Facilitative Branch (FB) … are clear differences between them. Looking at the numbers of cases the two branches have dealt with up to now, the EB was far more active: in total it dealt with eight questions of implementation, while the FB had no case they could formally address. When considering only the number of cases addressed by the FB, one could conclude that this soft instrument has been neither very powerful nor useful. However, a look at another soft instrument shows a different picture. All questions of implementation …

… Speech for the opening of the Academic Year of Maastricht University Monday 2 September 2013 "Research, Innovation and the Maastricht Generation" Thank you very much for inviting me to the Opening of your Academic Year. It is an honour to be here. When I received the invitation, I jumped at the chance. It got me thinking straight away. Maastricht is known as a city with a rich history and a very modern university. But for many people, Maastricht is also famous for the Treaty on European Union signed here in February 1992. I still remember how it grabbed the headlines. The Maastricht Treaty broke new ground. It … But today's young people will face tough challenges, tougher perhaps than those faced by previous generations. Youth unemployment has risen sharply. In some Member States, we may be facing a 'lost generation.' Yes, there are signs of growth. But they remain fragile, and the averages hide important differences between different Member States. Europe is out of intensive care but it still needs careful monitoring and medication. There may be signs of recovery, but no one can claim that we have …

… main goals of the UM Strategic Programme Community at the Core. In the past two years of Diversity&Inclusivity (hereafter D&I), we have - Done exploratory research in the UM community (Sustainable Employability Monitor, interviews, focus groups, workshops, etc) - Committed to becoming a more family-friendly universities for those with caring responsibilities - organized internal events and events with other higher education and business organizations on various topics relating to D&I in order to raise awareness, share best practices or show our public commitment to the … want to work towards a more inclusive organization. That being said, the decentralized structure of our organization leads to a whole conundrum of approaches to increase inclusivity without a clear red thread and with at times conflicting solutions when comparing organizational units. It is very clear that, in order to reach our objectives as set in the D&I policy, to get an overview of ongoing activities and to standardize where necessary, there needs to be a more global view and contact point …