Zoekresultaten
… of the EU’s Food Safety Authority or Tax-Justice have in common? In order to access these documents, (selected) Members of the European Parliament are requested to attend closed reading rooms. This blog post discusses how an exception to open parliamentary oversight is increasingly becoming a regular institutional practice and questions its spillover effect on requests for public access to documents. This blog was originally published on 30 September 2016 on EU Law Analysis Background As the wording … access to sensitive information in the field of security and defence policy (see Art. 3 and Annex, second paragraph). The rationale of what this Agreement called ‘secured room’ was to make sensitive documents available for purposes of parliamentary oversight without ‘risks’ of public disclosure or possible leaks, i.e. unauthorised disclosure of documents. Initially, this practice was mostly confined to the area of security and defence for documents classified as official secrets. Yet, with … of the EU’s Food Safety Authority or Tax-Justice have in common? In order to access these documents, (selected) Members of the European Parliament are requested to attend closed reading rooms. This blog post discusses how an exception to open parliamentary oversight is increasingly becoming a regular institutional practice and questions its spillover effect on requests for public access to documents. … ‘Inside’ the European Parliament’s Closed Reading Rooms: Transparency in the EU …
… law has materialised in the United States. This February, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission reached a far-reaching settlement in favour of consumers . The company has to fully compensate misled consumers through a combination of repair, monetary compensation and buy-backs. But, in the Member States of the EU, the experience with the use of unfair commercial practices law appears to have been mixed. The Italian competition authority fined Volkswagen for unfair commercial practices after … and Vladislav Perenič v. SOS finance spol. s r.o) could apply in this constellation. However, there is also the individual consumer litigation that is heavily pushed for and that could help consumers to have their losses compensated. The website www.my-right.de , which is maintained by the American litigation law firm Hausfeld, has been initiating consumer law disputes against the distributors of VW cars and against Volkswagen with a view to obtaining damages via individual (model) …
… previous judgments, the Court expressed its commitment to standing for the right to counter-demonstration but also pointed to its reasonable limits. Additionally, the judgment disproves a popular contention that the Court is biased against authoritarian-leaning states, such as Russia and Turkey. Nonetheless, the stance taken by the Court is not entirely convincing and could have dangerous consequences for the democratic discourse. It is bewildering that the Government was allowed to enjoy an … that the Court applied a restrictive interpretation of the right to counter-demonstration. Contrary to its own conclusion in Fáber, where it established that states have a positive obligation to protect the freedom of assembly of all demonstrating groups present at the venue, its reasoning in Manannikov seems to suggest that individuals can only freely express their views and opinions provided there is a time and a place for it. For some reason, it was more concerned that the applicant’s banner … reasoning, states are allowed to prioritise public order concerns over out-of-ordinary political action. However, one can wonder whether this logic is in line with the spirit of the Convention. Article 10 affords enhanced protection to vulnerable groups who must be able to speak out freely on matters of public interest. The ongoing war in Ukraine once again exposed the importance of uplifting the voices of the opponents of the regime. However, the judgment in Manannikov forsakes the values of …
… the lifting of immunities , voted to block an investigation against Deputy Prime Minister Matteo Salvini over his decision to hold over 150 migrants on board a ship for five days. This vote was preceded by an internet consultation called by the 5 Star Movement party leaders through the Movement’s online platform . This episode shows a trend towards an abuse of the tool of direct democracy, which creates a worrisome vulnus to the Italian constitutional set up and the principle of the rule of law. Ministerial immunity put to the test of the web The background On Tuesday, the Italian Senate committee tasked with advising the Senate on the lifting of immunities on the basis of Article 96 of the Italian constitution, voted to block an investigation against Deputy Prime Minister Matteo … migrants on board a ship for five days. The committee voted 16 to 6 to stop the investigation into Salvini, who is also Interior Minister and the leader of the far-right League party which currently rules in a coalition with the anti-establishment 5-Star Movement. Prosecutors in Sicily are investigating Mr Salvini on grounds of kidnapping, for preventing a boat of migrants on a coast guard vessel from entering the country in August last year. As a Minister, Mr Salvini is subject to the ordinary …
… the perspective of the average consumer in China, the marks “无印良品”and “無印良品” can be deemed identical. It is worth noting that when Hainan Nanhua Company registered the disputed trademark in 2001, the Japanese MUJI company had not operated its business targeting mainland China consumers but it has been collaborating with some original equipment manufacturers (“OEM”) in China for producing goods bearing the similar mark(“無印良品”) solely for exportation. Preemptive registration MUJI, the right holder of …
… Zoekresultaten 30 maart 2021 door: in Law The Nutri-Score has been officially endorsed in France, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Spain and in other European countries they have been voluntarily used by large, private retail corporate groups. Given its underlying aim of helping curbing obesity and nutritious calory intake, Nutri-Score may be classified as a health nudge and one offering great potential for the health policy toolkit: as compared to traditional regulation, nudges are … requires most pre-packed foods to bear a nutrition declaration, but it is usually provided for in the back of food packages, going easily unnoticed by traditionally distracted and hurried shoppers. Front-of-Package nutrition labelling systems thus started to be deemed as more consumer-friendly, at-a-glance, summary, and simplified information. Within the EU “Farm to Fork” Strategy, launched in May 2020 as part of the European Green Deal, the European Commission announced that it intends to …
Recently I was interviewed by Dutch news radio station BNR on the question whether there are legal or economic arguments to split up Big Tech companies like Facebook, Go
… prices for the same goods or services, offered at precisely the same time. This technique, which is called “AI-enabled price discrimination”, has deeply affected people’s daily life. For example, when ordering the same hotel room on the same Chinese website at precisely the same time, a loyal customer was charged more than a new customer (see CCTV.com ). Not surprisingly, AI-enabled price discrimination has been widely employed in both business-to-business and business-to-consumer relationships. … identical cost conditions or when non-identical but similar goods are sold at prices which are in different ratios to their marginal cost. Normally, it requires three conditions: some element of market power, barriers to take arbitrage from different groups of consumers, and a way to identify a consumer’s willingness to pay. In digital markets, amounts of consumer data and accurate algorithms as analytical tools allow undertakings to predict each consumer’s willingness to pay with increasing … prices for the same goods or services, offered at precisely the same time. This technique, which is called “AI-enabled price discrimination”, has deeply affected people’s daily life. For example, when ordering the same hotel room on the same Chinese website at precisely the same time, a loyal customer was charged more than a new customer (see CCTV.com ). … Why AI-enabled price discrimination is not always undesirable: lessons from law and economics …
… Zoekresultaten 12 oktober 2020 door: in Law In a piece published on the Spectator’s website on the 3d October, Steven Barret erroneously argues that the EU cannot sue the UK. His argument boils down to the statement that states can only violate international law if they adopt binding acts. Hence, as long as the Internal Market Bill is … wrongful acts’, approved by the UN General Assembly in its Resolution 56/83 consistently refers to the wrongful conduct of states. Conduct can consist of acts or omissions and cannot be reduced to the simple adoption of binding law. The commentary to Article 12 explicitly notes that a breach “may involve the passage of legislation, or specific administrative or other action in a given case, or even a threat of such action, whether or not the threat is carried out.” Barrett’s tautological … blogs: General Alumni Arts and Social Sciences Business and Economics Corona Heath, Medicine and Life Sciences Law Maastricht Students Psychology and Neuroscience Science and Engineering Universiteitsraad … In a piece published on the Spectator’s website on the 3d October, Steven Barret erroneously argues that the EU cannot sue the UK. … Why the EU can sue the UK …
… affected by that land” are yet to be outlined. Section 36 of the Bill goes on to allow the Scottish Ministers to make further regulations giving the Keeper of the Registers of Scotland the power to request information relating to proprietors. Andy Wightman, in giving evidence to the Rural Affairs, Climate Change and Environment Committee on 7 September 2015, raised his concerns about the effectiveness of these sections, arguing that the Land Reform Review Group’s proposal should be reinstated and … buyer who is already at an advanced stage in the conveyancing process, access is granted to the information about burdens on the land. The merely curious are kept squarely out. A legitimate interest is presumed for certain professions, such as notaries , but they may incur disciplinary sanctions if they access the information without a legitimate interest. As such, the German system has found a manner in which land registration fulfills the publicity principle in allowing those with a need to …